Introduction to Language & its type

 Introduction to Language & its type

LANGUAGE

 

A Language is a medium of communication. A language is a system for encoding and decoding information. It is a systematic communication by vocal symbols.

 

PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE

 

A programming language is an artificial language designed to express computations that can be performed by a machine, particularly a computer. Programming languages can be used to create programs that control the behavior of a machine, to express algorithms precisely, or as a mode of human communication.

 

TYPES OF PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE:

 

There are basically two types of programming language:

a.    Low LevelProgramming Language

a.    Machine Language

b.    Assembly Language

b.    High LevelProgramming Language

a.    Procedural Oriented Programming Language

b.    Object Based Programming Language

c.    Object Oriented Programming Language

Advantages of Low Level Programming Language are that execution speed is high and rate of accuracy is high. It is meant for system programming.

Disadvantage of Low Level Programming Language is decrease in Programmers Efficiency.

Thus due to disadvantage of Low Level Programming Language, High Level Programming Language was introduced which follows general english for its programming contstructs. It overcomes the disadvantages of Low Level Programming Language with increase in Programmers Efficiency.

A new language that is Middle Level Language was introduced which includes the advantages of Low Level as well as High Level Programming Languages ie increase in programmer’s efficiency, increase is execution speed and increase in rate of accuracy. We can even do system programming as well as application programming in Middle Level Language. And C is the programming language that is categorised under Middel Level Language.

 

INTRODUCTION

 

C is a general-purpose computer programming language developed in 1972 by Dennis Ritchie at the Bell Telephone Laboratories for use with the Unix operating system.

The initial development of C occurred at AT&T Bell Labs between 1969 and 1973; according to Ritchie, the most creative period occurred in 1972. It was named "C" because many of its features were derived from an earlier language called "B", which according to Ken Thompson was a stripped-down version of the BCPL programming language.

Although C was designed for implementing system software, it is also widely used for developing portable application software.

C is one of the most popular programming languages. It is widely used on many different software platforms, and there are few computer architectures for which a C compiler does not exist. C has greatly influenced many other popular programming languages, most notably C++, which originally began as an extension to C.

C is an imperative (procedural) systems implementation language. It was designed to be compiled using a relatively straightforward compiler, to provide low-level access to memory, to provide language constructs that map efficiently to machine instructions, and to require minimal run-time support. C was therefore useful for many applications that had formerly been coded in assembly language

Despite its low-level capabilities, the language was designed to encourage machine-independent programming. A standards-compliant and portably written C program can be compiled for a very wide variety of computer platforms and operating systems with little or no change to its source code. The language has become available on a very wide range of platforms, from embedded microcontrollers to supercomputers